The main constituents of Vitis vinifera Gallic acid, monomeric flavan-3-ols ((+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin and epicatechin-3-O-gallate), procyanidins dimers (B3, B1, B4, B2, B3′-3-O-gallate), and trimers (T2 and C1). Grape anthocyanins (delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin and malvidin-3-glucosides, -3-(6-acetyl)-glucosides and -3-(6-p-coumaroyl)-glucosides, and peonidin and malvidin-3-(6-caffeoyl)-glucosides) were also identified.1Main chemical components of Piper longum are piperine, rutin, beta- caryophyllene piperyline, piperoleines, piperamine and limonene.2 The primary chemical constituents of Cinnamomum zeylanicum are cinnamaldehyde, water extrctable L-arabino-D-xylan, D-glucal, cinnazeylanin, cinnzeylanol & tannin (cinnamm & tannin B1).3 Cardamom contains between 2% and 10% essential oil, the volatile oil contains α-terpineol 45%, myrcene 27%, limonene 8%, menthone 6%, β-phellandrene 3%, 1,8-cineol 2%, sabinene 2% and heptane 2%.4 The active ingredients of Cinnamomum tamala were identified as β-Caryophyllene (25.3%), linalool (13.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.3%) were the main constituents of the oil.5,6. principle constituents of Mesua ferrea is alkyl and Phenyldihydroxycoumarin.7 The active chemical ingredients of Callicarpa macrophylla are monoterpenorids 22.5% (- thujone, -pinene, Terpine 4-ol, -terpineol, -terpineol, etc.) and sesqui-terpenoids 77.5% (sesqui-terpene, hydrocarbon, caryophyllene oxide, etc.).8,9 The fruits of Piper nigrum contains volatile oil, piperine and a resin.10 The active component of Embelia ribes is Embelin (Embelic acid : 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1, 4-Benzoquinone. Other components are christembeline, an alkaloid and a resinoid. Quercitol and fatty ingredients are also found. In Woodfordia fruticosa Triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids,quercetin-3-rhamnoside, 2-hydroxy-1:4-naphthaquinone, polyphenols are found.11,12,13. The dominant ingredient of Piper chaba is a piperine dimmer(chabamide)14. The principle ingredients of Curcuma longa are curcumin, demethoxycurcumin & bisdemethoxycurcumin 15. The principle ingredients of Cyperus rotundus are Routundines (A,B and C), sesquiterpenes (beta-selinene, isocurcumenol, aristone), hydrocarbons, isorotundine, cyperadine, cyperodione. 16,17,18. Areca catechu contained higher amount of arecaidine (4 mg/g of fresh wt), small amount of total phenolics (0.58 mg of gallic acid equiv/g of fresh wt), condensed tannin (0.85 mg of catechin equiv/g of fresh wt), and total alkaloids (2.38 mg/g of fresh wt).19 Principle ingredients of Symplocos recemosa are phenolic (salireposide, beta-amyrin, oleanolic acid), and other glycosides (symplocomoside, symponoside, symploveroside & salireposide).20,21. Main chemical components of Emblica officinalis are emblicanin (A&B), puniglucanin, pedunculagin, Vitamin C, glutamic acid, proline, aspartic acid, alanine, lysine, ellagic acid, and hexahydroxy-diphenic acid. main ingredients of Pterocarpus santalinus are Santalin-A, santalin-B, Deoxysantalin are major constituents Sausserea lappa contains Sesquiterpenes, Sesquiterpenes lactones, baccherene-type tritepine, 3ß-acetoxy-9(11)-baccharene(1), ∞-amyrine.22 The active compounds of Syzigium aromaticumare eugenol (72-90%), acetyl eugenol, beta-caryophyllene, vanillin; crategolic acid; tannins, gallotannic acid, methyl salicylate, flavonoids eugenin, kaempferol, rhamnetin, and eugenitin; triterpenoids like oleanolic acid, stigmasterol and campesterol; and several sesquiterpenes.23 The major active principles of Valeriana wallichii are Valpotriates, dihydrovaltrate, isovalerianate, valerianic oil composed of alkaloids, bornyl isovalerianate, chatinine, isovalerenic acid, 1-camphene, terpineol and valerianine.24
The principle ingredient of Nardostachys jatamansi volatile oil (1.9 %), jatamansic and jatamansone. Jaggery contains up to 50% sucrose, 20% invert sugars, moisture 20%, and other insoluble matter such as ash, proteins and bagasse fibers
Clinical Pharmacology
Vinovin syrup consisting of 26 herbs processed & prepaired in an advanced fermentation technique to enhance bio-availability. It is rich in micronutrients like Vit. A, E, C, Iron & Calcium & it is free from sugar, added flavor, preservatives, etc. the antistressant-adaptogenic properties of Vinovin useful in relieving insomnia & anxiety, improves concentration, memory & reduces learning time. Vinovin also acts as digestive, carminative & hence improve appetite. Most importantly Vinovin syrup helps in faster recovery from chronic illnesses.
Indications
Loss of appetite & indigestion
Loss of concentration
After chronic illness
general weakness
Insomnia & anxiety disorders
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients
Adverse Effects
Not found in therapeutic dosages.
Special Precautions
None.
Dosage
Adult - 2 tsp twice daily, after food. Children - above 5 years of age: 1 tsp twice daily
below 5 years of age: ½ tsp twice daily
Presentation
200 ml glass bottle.
References
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